Skin microbiome: its role in acne and hidradenitis suppurativa

Lecture description

On the surface of the human skin there is a dynamic ecosystem of microorganisms, collectively known as the skin microbiome, which continuously interacts with the skin barrier, regulating immune responses and maintaining overall skin health. Disruptions in this microbiome, or dysbiosis, have been implicated in various dermatological conditions, including acne vulgaris and hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). Acne, a common skin disorder characterized by comedone and inflammatory lesions (papules, pustules, nodules) is heavily influenced by skin microbiomes. Recent studies have shown that Cutibacterium acnes (C.acnes), a commensal bacterium associated with acne and composed of 6 phylotypes, induces dysbiosis due to the loss of diversity in its phylotypes; there is a high predominance of C. acnes phylotype IA1, which, in addition, develops a virulent profile. Another commensal bacterium that plays an important role in acne is S epidermidis.
Similarly, HS, a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by recurrent abscesses and fistulas, has also been linked to microbial imbalances. In HS, dysbiosis appears to disrupt normal skin homeostasis, potentially exacerbating the inflammatory cycle and impairing healing. In addition, the biofilm of bacteria seems to play a crucial role.
Understanding the microbial imbalances involved in both conditions is essential for advancing treatment strategies, including those targeting the skin microbiome.
In this presentation, we will explore how skin microbiome influences the pathophysiology of acne and HS, focusing on the implications of microbial dysbiosis, specifically the dominance of C. acnes IA1 in acne and biofilm in HS. We will also review current research into microbiome-based treatments and the potential for personalized skincare approaches